Durvalumab

Introduction

Durvalumab is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of certain cancers, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and urothelial carcinoma. It belongs to a class of immunotherapy drugs that help the body's immune system identify and attack cancer cells. Durvalumab is administered through intravenous infusion under medical supervision. By targeting specific proteins on cancer cells, it enhances immune system activity to slow or stop the growth of tumors. This therapy is generally used when cancer has not spread extensively and can improve survival rates and quality of life in eligible patients.

Uses of Durvalumab

• Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
• Urothelial carcinoma (a type of bladder cancer)
• Cancer that expresses the PD-L1 protein
• Unresectable Stage III lung cancer after chemoradiation

How Durvalumab Works

Durvalumab works by blocking the PD-L1 protein found on cancer cells. This protein normally suppresses immune responses, but by inhibiting it, Durvalumab allows immune cells (T-cells) to recognize and destroy cancer cells. This helps the body mount a stronger immune attack against tumors.

Benefits of Durvalumab

• Improves overall survival in eligible cancer patients
• Boosts the immune system's natural ability to fight cancer
• Can be used as maintenance therapy post-chemoradiation
• May delay disease progression in certain cancer types

How to Take Durvalumab

Durvalumab is given as an intravenous (IV) infusion by a healthcare professional, usually every 2 to 4 weeks depending on the patient’s condition and treatment plan. The dose and duration are determined by your oncologist based on your weight, cancer type, and treatment response. Do not attempt to self-administer this medication.

Type of Dosage Available

• Intravenous (IV) infusion solution
• Typically available in vials of varying concentrations

Side Effects of Durvalumab

• Fatigue
• Nausea
• Constipation or diarrhea
• Loss of appetite
• Rash or itching
• Shortness of breath
• Cough
• Severe immune-related side effects (pneumonitis, hepatitis, colitis, endocrinopathies)

Safety Advice

• Inform your doctor if you have autoimmune disorders
• Not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding
• Monitor liver, thyroid, and kidney functions regularly
• May interact with other immunosuppressive drugs
• Should be used with caution in elderly patients

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: What is Durvalumab used for?

A: Durvalumab is used to treat non-small cell lung cancer and urothelial carcinoma, especially in patients whose cancer expresses PD-L1.

Q: How is Durvalumab administered?

A: It is given as an intravenous infusion in a hospital or clinical setting, usually every 2 to 4 weeks.

Q: Can Durvalumab cause serious side effects?

A: Yes, it may cause severe immune-related side effects such as pneumonitis, colitis, or hepatitis. Regular monitoring is essential.

Q: Can pregnant women take Durvalumab?

A: No, it is not recommended during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Always consult your doctor.

Q: How long can Durvalumab treatment continue?

A: Treatment duration varies based on the response and tolerance, typically continuing for up to 12 months or until disease progression or severe toxicity.