Standard Cobra Venom (Naja Naja) + Standard Common Krait Venom (Bangarus Caeruleus) + Standard Russels Viper Venom (Vipera Russelli) + Standard Saw Scaled Viper Venom (Echis Carinatus)

Introduction

This combination is found in **polyvalent antivenom**, designed to neutralize the toxic effects of snake bites caused by four major venomous snakes found in India: the Cobra (Naja naja), Common Krait (Bungarus caeruleus), Russell's Viper (Daboia russelii), and Saw-scaled Viper (Echis carinatus). These snake venoms are processed and used to develop antibodies in host animals. The antibodies are extracted and purified into an antiserum that can save lives in emergencies. It is administered in hospitals and requires professional supervision.

Uses of This Composition

• Emergency treatment of snake bites caused by the 'Big Four' Indian venomous snakes
• Neutralization of venom effects like neurotoxicity, hemotoxicity, and tissue damage
• Used in hospitals and emergency care centers
• Prevents complications like paralysis, bleeding, and death
• Supports recovery by reducing venom-induced damage to organs

How This Composition Works

Each venom component is used to stimulate the production of specific antibodies in host animals. These antibodies are then harvested and processed into an antiserum. When administered, this antiserum binds to and neutralizes the snake venom circulating in the patient’s bloodstream, preventing further damage and aiding recovery.

Benefits of This Composition

• Life-saving treatment for snakebite victims
• Effective against multiple snake species
• Reduces need for species identification
• Limits progression of venom effects
• Backed by clinical research and standardized production

How to Take This Composition

This medication is administered only by trained healthcare professionals, usually through intravenous infusion or slow injection. Dosage depends on the severity of envenomation, type of snake, and patient response. Immediate medical care is essential after a snake bite, and this antiserum should be used under emergency protocols.

Type of Dosage Available

• Injectable vial (powder for reconstitution)
• Ready-to-use injectable solution (in select facilities)

Side Effects of This Composition

• Fever and chills
• Skin rash or itching
• Nausea and vomiting
• Anaphylactic reaction (rare but serious)
• Hypotension (low blood pressure)
• Breathing difficulty (in allergic reactions)
• Serum sickness (delayed allergic reaction days after administration)

Safety Advice

• Always use in a hospital setting under medical supervision
• Keep emergency resuscitation equipment ready
• Perform sensitivity testing if time allows
• Inform the doctor about any previous allergic reactions to antiserum
• Do not self-administer under any circumstances
• Store in a cool place as directed by manufacturer

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: What is this composition used for?

A: It is used in the emergency treatment of snake bites caused by cobra, krait, Russell’s viper, and saw-scaled viper.

Q: Can this be used for any snake bite?

A: It is effective for the “Big Four” snakes in India but may not work for bites from other species. Identification by a medical professional is necessary.

Q: Can it cause allergic reactions?

A: Yes, some individuals may experience allergic responses. Hence, it should only be administered in medical settings with monitoring.

Q: How quickly should it be given after a snake bite?

A: It should be administered as soon as possible after a confirmed or suspected bite to reduce the effects of venom and prevent complications.

Q: Is a test dose required before administration?

A: Yes, if time permits, a test dose may be given to check for hypersensitivity reactions before administering the full dose.