Amifostine

Amifostine is a cytoprotective agent primarily used to reduce the harmful effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. It protects healthy tissues from the toxic effects of drugs like cisplatin and radiation treatment without interfering with their therapeutic effects. Amifostine is commonly used in cancer treatment regimens to minimize side effects like dry mouth, kidney damage, and bone marrow suppression. It is administered as an injection under medical supervision.

Uses of Amifostine

• Prevention of kidney damage caused by cisplatin chemotherapy
• Reduction of dry mouth (xerostomia) caused by radiation therapy for head and neck cancers
• Protection of bone marrow during cancer treatment
• Helps reduce long-term toxicities in cancer patients
• Used in some cases to minimize peripheral neuropathy

How Amifostine Works

Amifostine is converted into an active thiol metabolite in the body, which scavenges harmful free radicals and protects normal tissues from damage caused by radiation and chemotherapy. It selectively protects healthy cells while allowing cancer treatments to target tumor cells.

Benefits of Amifostine

• Reduces side effects of chemotherapy and radiation
• Protects kidneys and salivary glands
• Helps maintain normal blood cell levels
• Improves patient tolerance to aggressive cancer therapy
• Enhances quality of life during cancer treatment

How to Take Amifostine

Amifostine is administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion under the supervision of a doctor, usually before chemotherapy or radiation therapy sessions. The dosage is based on body surface area and treatment type. Patients are advised to lie down during administration to minimize side effects like hypotension. Hydration and blood pressure monitoring are essential during treatment.

Type of Dosage Available

• Injection (IV infusion)

Side Effects of Amifostine

• Low blood pressure (hypotension)
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dizziness or fainting
• Flushing or warmth
• Allergic reactions (rash, fever, chills)
• Metallic taste in the mouth

Safety Advice

• Should only be used under medical supervision
• Not recommended in patients with low blood pressure or dehydration
• Inform your doctor about any heart, liver, or kidney conditions
• May cause drowsiness; avoid driving after use
• Report any allergic symptoms immediately

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: What is Amifostine used for?
A: Amifostine is used to protect healthy tissues during chemotherapy and radiation, especially to prevent kidney damage and dry mouth.

Q: How is Amifostine given?
A: It is administered as an intravenous injection by a healthcare professional before cancer treatment sessions.

Q: Is Amifostine safe?
A: Yes, it is safe when used under medical supervision, though it may cause side effects like low blood pressure or nausea.

Q: Can Amifostine interfere with cancer treatment?
A: No, it selectively protects normal cells without reducing the effectiveness of chemotherapy or radiation.

Q: Who should avoid Amifostine?
A: Patients with low blood pressure, severe dehydration, or allergies to the drug should avoid its use.