Avibactam

Introduction

Avibactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that is used in combination with other antibiotics to treat serious bacterial infections. It is especially effective against bacteria that have developed resistance to other antibiotics. Avibactam is commonly combined with ceftazidime to treat complicated intra-abdominal infections, urinary tract infections, and hospital-acquired pneumonia. Its primary role is to enhance the efficacy of other antibiotics by inhibiting the enzymes that degrade them, making it a valuable weapon in the fight against antimicrobial resistance.

Uses of Avibactam

• Treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI)
• Management of complicated urinary tract infections (cUTI)
• Effective in hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia
• Used with ceftazidime to combat antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains

How Avibactam works

Avibactam works by inhibiting beta-lactamase enzymes produced by certain bacteria. These enzymes normally break down beta-lactam antibiotics, rendering them ineffective. By blocking these enzymes, Avibactam protects and restores the antibiotic activity of drugs like ceftazidime, allowing them to kill the bacteria effectively.

Benefits of Avibactam

• Restores the effectiveness of antibiotics against resistant bacteria
• Allows for treatment of severe and complicated infections
• Reduces hospital stay by improving infection outcomes
• Useful in treating infections caused by multi-drug-resistant organisms

How to take Avibactam

Avibactam is administered intravenously in combination with ceftazidime. The dosage is determined based on the type of infection, kidney function, and patient's age and weight. It is usually given every 8 hours under medical supervision. It’s essential to complete the full course even if symptoms improve early.

Type of Dosage Available

• Intravenous (IV) injection
• Usually available as a combination with Ceftazidime

Side effects of Avibactam

• Common: Nausea, headache, diarrhea, constipation
• Severe: Allergic reactions, seizures, liver enzyme elevation
• Injection site reactions

Safety advice

• Use with caution in patients with kidney disease
• Not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding without medical advice
• Monitor liver and kidney function regularly
• Report any allergic reactions or severe side effects immediately
• Complete the full prescribed course to prevent resistance

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q1: Can Avibactam be used alone?

No, Avibactam is always used in combination with other antibiotics, like ceftazidime, for effective treatment.

Q2: Is Avibactam safe for children?

Its safety and effectiveness in children depend on the age and type of infection. It should only be used under a doctor’s supervision.

Q3: What should I do if I miss a dose?

If you miss a dose, contact your healthcare provider immediately. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed one.

Q4: How long does it take for Avibactam to work?

Improvement is usually seen within a few days, but the full course should be completed as prescribed.

Q5: Are there any drug interactions with Avibactam?

Yes, inform your doctor about all medicines you are taking, especially other antibiotics or kidney-related drugs.