Isoniazid + Ethambutol

Introduction

Isoniazid + Ethambutol is a combination medicine commonly used for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), a serious bacterial infection that mainly affects the lungs but can also impact other parts of the body. This combination works by preventing the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria responsible for TB. It is usually prescribed as part of a combination therapy with other anti-tuberculosis medicines to prevent resistance and improve effectiveness.

Uses of Isoniazid + Ethambutol

• Treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis
• Prevention of the spread of tuberculosis
• Used in combination with other anti-TB drugs for effective therapy

How Isoniazid + Ethambutol Works

Isoniazid inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acids in the bacterial cell wall, leading to bacterial death. Ethambutol inhibits arabinosyl transferase, which is involved in cell wall formation, thereby preventing bacterial growth. Together, they effectively kill and inhibit the growth of tuberculosis bacteria.

Benefits of Isoniazid + Ethambutol

• Highly effective in killing tuberculosis bacteria
• Reduces the spread of TB infection
• Prevents drug resistance when used in combination with other TB drugs
• Helps in faster recovery when taken as prescribed

How to Take Isoniazid + Ethambutol

This medicine should be taken orally, usually once daily or as directed by a doctor. It is important to take the full course of treatment without missing doses to prevent the development of resistant TB strains. Taking it on an empty stomach is generally recommended, but it can be taken with food if stomach upset occurs.

Type of Dosage Available

• Oral tablets

Side Effects of Isoniazid + Ethambutol

• Nausea and vomiting
• Loss of appetite
• Vision changes (blurred vision or color blindness)
• Peripheral neuropathy (tingling or numbness)
• Liver toxicity (rare but serious)
• Joint pain

Safety Advice

• Do not consume alcohol during treatment
• Regular eye checkups are recommended while on Ethambutol
• Inform your doctor about liver or kidney disease
• Take vitamin B6 supplements if prescribed to prevent nerve problems
• Not recommended during pregnancy unless clearly needed

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q. What is Isoniazid + Ethambutol used for?
A. It is used for treating tuberculosis, especially in combination with other anti-TB medicines.

Q. Can I take Isoniazid + Ethambutol with food?
A. Yes, although it`s best taken on an empty stomach. If you experience stomach upset, you can take it with food.

Q. What are the side effects of Isoniazid + Ethambutol?
A. Common side effects include nausea, vision problems, and numbness. Rarely, it may cause liver issues.

Q. Is it safe during pregnancy?
A. It should be used in pregnancy only if clearly needed and prescribed by a doctor.

Q. Can I drink alcohol while taking this medicine?
A. No, alcohol should be avoided as it can increase the risk of liver damage.